Internet streaming and dynamic reconfiguration of user displays

ABSTRACT

Internet streaming from broadcast radio or television stations is described wherein triggers for dynamic content from internal or external systems cause an encoder system to generate command messages, and to optionally synchronize those command messages with any delays associated with the triggering events. Command messages are delivered through a streaming media distribution system to client media players which obtain or present the dynamic content, in association with any desired configuration changes to the appearance of the media player or the method or manner in which the dynamic content is presented.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/685,460filed Nov. 26, 2012 which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C§119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/629,689, U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/629,690, and U.S. Provisional Application No.61/628,692, all filed Nov. 25, 2011, and the entire disclosure of all ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

Disclosed are arrangements related to the delivery of broadcast radio ortelevision on the Internet with the associated ability to replaceportions of the broadcast content with alternative content for theInternet audience, and to dynamically present audio and video content onthe audience media players under the control of a radio or TV stationpersonality.

2. Description of the Prior Art

For convenience of discussion, this document will use the term “radio”with the understanding that the embodiments described herein apply toboth radio and television. In the radio broadcast industry, theover-the-air broadcast is referred to as a “terrestrial” broadcast,differentiating from satellite and Internet broadcasts. The delivery ofa terrestrial broadcast on the Internet is commonly referred to aswebcasting, simulcasting, or streaming.

In a radio broadcast environment the radio stations use broadcastautomation systems, which are computer based products that manage theirplaylists and jingles and provide timing for DJ chat, and play music,recorded audio programs, commercials, and associated material.

In a conventional streaming configuration, there will be a computerrunning a specialized type of software referred to as an encoder at theradio broadcaster's location. That encoder receives audio from the radiostation's audio chain, and receives metadata from the radio station'sautomation system in association with the audio stream to identifycontent elements. Content elements can include data such as the artistand title of the music that is playing, the duration of the song,identifying if the content element is an advertisement, identifying ifthat advertisement is eligible to be or must be replaced with alternatecontent for the Internet stream, and identifying other types of contentsuch as radio station jingles and sweepers and the like. The encodertypically receives analog audio from the conventional audio source,which is converted by the system sound card into PCM format of digitalaudio, and the encoder then converts that PCM audio into a final digitalstream format using whatever codec has been selected for the process.Some common formats include MP3 and WMA.

Most radio station webcasting environments are three-tier architecture,with the encoder residing at the broadcaster's location, one or moreservers residing at a centralized location serving as the massdistribution point to Internet clients, and a multiplicity of clientcomputers or devices which connect to the stream at the massdistribution point. The encoder receives the station's audio stream inanalog format, encodes it into an appropriate digital format, transmitsthe encoded audio to the centralized server, and the centralized serverthan redistributes that encoded audio to the clients. User devicesconnect to the centralized server because the link on the station's webpage points to the centralized server.

The centralized servers also may perform functions beyond redistributingmedia data to client devices, such as the provision of web services.These operations and functions may be split amongst multiple servers.For simplicity, though, we may conveniently refer to all theseoperations as “the media server”, or “the distribution server”.

For purposes of this discussion the terms client and client device orclient system generally refer to a software system which most commonlycomprises a web page incorporating a media player object along withcustomized software to manage the media player object such as providingbuttons for Stop, Start, etc. A media player object is a softwarestructure that gets incorporated into the web page and performs thedecoding and playing of audio and visual content. Media players can alsobe desktop applications such as WinAmp and the Windows Media Player, andthey can be software applications incorporated into hardware appliancessuch as Internet radios, which are physical devices having Internetconnectivity, and can connect to streaming media and play that content.

In order for content replacement to be acceptable to listeners thereplacement needs to be seamless. That means there should be no audibleor visual glitches such as snippets of the content to be replacedbleeding through into the Internet content nor should there be Internetcontent running on over the beginning of the next content element, etc.

There are delays of a relatively unpredictable nature that areintroduced throughout this three-tier architecture. For example, theencoder introduces a delay in the process of converting the audio intothe desired codec format, there may be a small but perhaps notnegligible delay in the transmission of the data from the encoder to thecentralized servers, there will be a buffering delay at the servers,there may be other delays in the network transmission from thecentralized server location to the end-user client, and if the client'snetwork connection is slow or of poor quality that delay may benoticeable, and lastly the client itself will introduce a bufferingdelay. However, most listeners will be unaware that there is any delayat all of the Internet stream compared to the terrestrial broadcast—oneof the few ways a user might discover this is if the radio stationannounces the time and the user simultaneously checks a clock.

There are advantages to being able to customize a stream for eachlistener, particularly by performing ad replacements wherein thereplacement ads are selected for each user or demographic group ofusers. We had solved this problem some years ago, as described in ourU.S. Pat. No. 7,490,053, using a model wherein the replacements andinsertions take place at the centralized server location, and a newsingle composite stream containing the replacement content is createduniquely for each client, and then distributed to those clients.

There also are arrangements for ad replacement at the client device;TargetSpot is an ad delivery vendor whose system provides fordemographically targeted audio ads that replace in-stream audio ads atthe client. In the TargetSpot system, a TargetSpot Flash Media Playerobject is embedded in the client's media player webpage. The streamingvendor (such as SurferNETWORK), is responsible for providing theappropriate software at the encoder, at the centralized server, and inthe client media player web page in order to call the TargetSpot Flashplayer with the appropriate instruction at the appropriate time. Inessence, the TargetSpot system says “I'll play an ad whenever you tellme to, but you have to figure how to do that”. If you tell TargetSpot toplay an ad at the wrong time, it will. If you don't tell it to play anad at all, it won't play anything.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

There are other opportunities if the replacements and insertions couldtake place at the client device, and that technology has not existeduntil now. For example, the technology described herein enables thereplacement of a radio station's audio content, such as audio ads, withvideo content, such as video ads. Continuing the comparison withTargetSpot, there is no capability to command the TargetSpot object toreplace an audio ad with a specific ad, nor is there a capability tocommand it to replace an audio ad with a video ad, and if TargetSpotwere to play a video ad, there is no capability to cause the player todisplay that video in any particular fashion. These shortcomings areaddressed in one embodiment as disclosed herein.

The following environments, systems, software, and technology may beprovided by a streaming service (webcasting service, or hosting service)on behalf of radio and television broadcasters and other Internetstreaming media providers.

The “encoding computer” or “encoding software” may include a variety ofspecialized software routines beyond just those needed to encode audiointo a particular audio format. For example, there may be routines forobtaining a list of commercials from a remote server, for obtaining thecommercials themselves (the media data), for processing metadatareceived from the broadcast automation system, as well as othernecessary functions including content replacement and management of adelay buffer for that purpose, and the creation and transmission ofcommand messages to control actions of the client device media players.But for convenience, we refer to this as the “encoder” or “encodersuite” or “encoding computer”.

The architecture described herein incorporates the creation orutilization of a control channel for transmitting metadata or commandmessages from the radio station encoder all the way through to theclient device. That capability exists commercially: for example,Microsoft offers a feature they referred to as “script commands”, andAdobe, through their Flash Media Encoder, and Flash Media Server, offersa similar capability that they referred to as cue points. In the case ofthe Microsoft products, script commands can be inserted programmaticallyinto a Windows Media Encoder as it is encoding audio or video; thosescript commands are transmitted to a publishing point on the centralizeddistribution servers running Microsoft's Windows Media Service; WindowsMedia Players or player objects (or compatible) connect to thepublishing point, which relays the script commands to the Windows MediaPlayers in association with the media stream. Software associated withthe player objects can receive an announcement every time a scriptcommand is received; for web-page-based media players, software in theweb page can respond to a script command in any desired fashion.

The client devices have media player software with one or more mediaplayer objects, and may incorporate additional logic to receive andprocess commands from the encoder, and may communicate with acentralized server for additional data and instructions usingprogramming techniques such as AJAX calls.

In addition to previously mentioned delays related to streaming, thecontent insertion process introduces delays to accommodate the fact thatthe elements to be inserted may not be of the precise duration of theelement to be deleted. For example, a local commercial of 29 secondsduration might be replaced with a commercial of 30 seconds duration. Or,a commercial of 30 seconds might be replaced with a commercial of 60seconds, or a commercial 60 seconds might be replaced with a commercialof 15 seconds. We have developed such a technology, which we refer to as“rubber-banding”. The rubber-banding process essentially runs thereceived audio at the encoder through a software delay filter (delaybuffer) where the actual insertion takes place. If a 15 secondcommercial were replaced with a 60 second commercial, the last 45seconds of the 60 second commercial needs to be stored in a buffer toplay out at the appropriate time. Also, once such a delay is introduced,all subsequent audio received from the station needs to be delayed bythe same amount. Consequently, if 15 second commercials were replacedwith 60 second commercials repeatedly, a large buffering delay wouldbuild up within this delay filter. As a result, the audio stream andassociated metadata that ultimately is delivered to each client willalso be delayed by an unpredictable amount. The rubber-banding processwill monitor the amount of data in the delay buffer, and when athreshold is exceeded it will shorten the delay by dropping theinsertion of an ad. The delay in the buffer will then be shortened bythe duration of the ad that was dropped. This is a somewhat simplisticexplanation of rubber-banding, but the essential fact is that it is anecessary process for content replacement in order to be sufficientlyflexible so as to be useful, and it introduces a variable andunpredictable delay into the audio stream ultimately delivered to eachof the clients.

Despite the variable delay that is introduced, the rubber-bandingtechnology is nevertheless suitable for the replacement of one contentelement with another by the encoder, wherein the newly composited streamcreated by the encoder is transmitted to the centralized server, andthen redistributed to all clients. In this model all clients receiveexactly the same stream, meaning that if a local ad, for example for anautomobile dealer, is replaced with another ad, for example for a creditcard, then all Internet listeners receive the ad for the credit cardwhether or not they are within radio reception range of the station. Thevariable delays that have been introduced are irrelevant. The Internetclients receive a continuous stream, and the client software has noawareness of the fact that the stream content is somehow different fromthe terrestrial content.

Overall, described herein are arrangements for streamed media fromsources such as broadcast radio and television to use an encoder suiteto send command messages to client devices, wherein the command messagesare synchronized with the original audio (or video) through a delaybuffer such that the command messages are received by the client devicesat the precise time of the audio or video event, such as in the case ofthe replacement of an ad. Described is an arrangement to provide forcontent replacement at the encoder as well as the synchronization ofmetadata associated with that content at the encoder, and combining thatwith content replacement at the client. In addition, the commandmessages serve as general purpose, real-time instructions to the mediaplayers to cause them to configure themselves to change from one mediasource to another or to play a second media source simultaneously withthe first, or to obtain other text, audio, or visual content, and toconfigure the display of that media and other content elements of themedia player.

In order to provide command messages and metadata associated with thestation's audio, such as the artist and title of a song, commandmessages and metadata are also introduced into the delay filter, andmarch through the delay filter with the progression of the clock, sothat they are output from the delay filter synchronously with theassociated audio element.

In this fashion, general purpose dynamic and real-time control of remoteweb-based media players is achieved, such that a radio station DJ,announcer, or local or syndicated talk show host can cause all theconnected media players to simultaneously be reconfigured and display orpresent or remove or stop the desired content. The net effect is thatthe presenter has dynamic control over web pages that have already beenlaunched. No user action is required, users do not click on anything tocause, or allow, these dynamic changes, nor do the web pages, of whichweb-based media players are comprised, need to continually check a webserver, such as by AJAX, to determine if action is required.

The circumstance triggering the actions of the encoder suite can be thereceipt of metadata from the broadcast automation system, for example,receiving a code indicating that the station is playing a commercial.Triggering events could also be received from other systems, viamechanisms such as TCP, to indicate switching to an alternate mediasource, wherein that alternate media and associated command messages aresynchronized through a delay buffer in a similar fashion. A DJ or TalkShow Host utilizing a web cam are examples of alternate media, and thetriggering events could be TCP messages sent from the computer hostingthe web cam, or from a web-based or application based control panel.

Wherever TCP is referenced herein, it refers to any available networkingtechnology, such as UDP, IP, or Ethernet, that can be suitably arrangedfor the intended purpose.

Alternate media could be encoded simultaneously with the original mediasuch that the two are mixed together. Or, the alternate media could bepre-encoded and delivered through the delay buffer with its associatedmessages and be synchronized in time with events, music, or voice in theoriginal media. Or, the alternate media could be delivered to a hardwareport of the encoding computer, such as a line-in port, or a videocapture card, and be made available to the primary encoding software, orto another encoder of the same encoding suite of software. In thesevarious scenarios, the original media could be sent to a primarypublishing point on a centralized distribution server, the mixed mediacould be sent to the same publishing point, the alternate media could besent to that same publishing point in lieu of the original media, or thealternate media could be sent to a second publishing point.

In scenarios wherein the alternate media is sent to a secondarypublishing point, command messages from the encoder suite to the mediaplayers instruct the players to assign a media player object for thismedia, provide the URL or link to the secondary publishing point,provide appropriate instructions for the media player web page toconfigure itself for the presentation of the alternate media content,and provide the timing commands to start and stop the presentation ofthe alternate media.

Command messages can instruct media players to turn on or off specificmedia player objects, to open or make visible or hide or close windowson the media player web page, to move or resize those windows, todeliver media URLs or similar links to player objects to cause them toretrieve the content associated with those links and present thatcontent at any portion of the web page or in any window or as audioonly, and in general to execute any program such as a JavaScript module,or manipulate the HTML or JavaScript Document Object Model, or displaycontrol through CSS.

In addition, multiple stations that are not physically co-located can belinked together via a centralized server so that triggering events canoriginate from any one station, or from a location remote from any orall of the stations, and the audio or video media and metadata orcommand messages associated with the triggering source are delivered tothe encoder suite of each participating station, and operated andsynchronized through the buffer delay system individual to each, so thatall such stations send the appropriate media and command messages totheir Internet audience so that all media players of all such stationsact uniformly, but with properly synchronized audio and video and othercontent.

The innovations described herein enable the delivery of metadataassociated with songs and other content, such as the artist and songtitle, with precision timing so that the display of the artist and songtitle for the a new song occurs at the moment that new song beginsplaying. It enables the replacement of one type of content with anothertype, for example, to replace an audio ad with a video ad. Furthermoreit enables the replacement of generic ads transmitted by the encoderwith demographically targeted ads such that each listener might receivean ad customized for them. It also recognizes that the listenerenvironment may well include listeners with devices and software systemsthat are incapable of performing this type of content replacement, andtherefore it provides an arrangement such that a generic replacement adwill be delivered to all listener devices, and if an individual listenerdevice is incapable of performing content replacement it will play thegeneric replacement ad and thus will deliver a continuous uninterruptedstream to the listener, and they will be unaware that some alternativecontent might have been played.

Recalling the discussion of rubber-banding, it is a software processsometimes referred to as a delay filter which is a software mechanismfor snipping out particular content elements and replacing them withother content elements. Metadata associated with the content element istied to the media data in the delay filter, so that the metadata istransmitted to the server complex and then to the client devicessynchronously with the beginning of the associated content element.Regardless of how much delay might have been introduced, when a new songbegins to play the artist and title information associated with thatsong is available to be displayed at the moment the song begins to play.

The above described architectural features enable the implementation ofunique content replacement of broadcast radio and TV on the Internet. Inaddition, the technology enables other unique and valuable featuresincluding the dynamic presentation of A/V content in association with astreamed media program, and the ability for a radio personality to turna web cam on or off and have the associated video feed dynamicallyappear or be removed from the media players of the audience. These andother features are described herein.

Other aspects and advantages of the disclosed embodiments will beapparent upon consideration of the drawings and detailed descriptions,which follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be more fully understood when reference is had to thefollowing detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the content replacement embodimentshowing the main component systems and primary subsystems;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the encoder process when content replacementis to take place at the encoder;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the encoder process when content replacementis to take place at the media player;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the media player process when contentreplacement is to take place at the media player;

FIG. 5 is an illustration showing the dynamic reconfiguration or a mediaplayer as it changes from standard mode to a mode for playing a videoad;

FIG. 6 is a stylized drawing of an Action page and its widgets;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the system for the Pop-Up Web Camand Dynamic Content for a DJ, announcer, or talk show host;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the system for Talk Show HostDynamic Presentation of Audio/Video Content.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

What follows are detailed descriptions of exemplary embodiments, but thescope of the invention is defined by the claims that follow the detaileddescription, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.

Content Replacement

One embodiment comprises the ability to replace one element of contentwith another, for example, one audio ad may be replaced with anotheraudio ad of the same or different duration. In this situation, contentreplacement is performed by the encoder.

Another embodiment comprises the ability to replace one type withcontent of another type, for example, the original content might be anaudio stream in Windows Media Format (WMA), but the replacement might bea video. Further, a video might replace another video of a completelydifferent format, for example WMV video might replace MP4 video, or anH.264 video, or a Flash SWF video. In these situations, the encoder willcause the replacement to be performed at the media players.

Referring to FIG. 1, an encoding computer 110 is connected to a radiostation's 100 audio chain 101 and to the metadata output of the radiostation's broadcast automation system 102. The encoding software suite110 incorporates a delay filter 130. The incoming audio is directed intothe delay filter by the encoder control 120. Metadata in associationwith an audio event, such as the playing of a song or commercial, isreceived and processed. For some events, such as the playing of a song,the encoder control 120 may insert metadata such as the artist and titleof the song into the delay filter 130 at the beginning of the audio forthe song. When the audio for the beginning of the song 132 exits thedelay filter and is sent to the stream encoder 150, the associatedmetadata 131 also exits and is sent to the stream encoder 150. At thattime the encoder converts the metadata into a command message 162 andinserts it into the audio stream 161 as it is being encoded, for to themedia server 160 for ultimate delivery to the media players 170 viacomposite A/V stream 163 which incorporates command messages 164.

For other events, the encoder control 120 inserts the replacement audiocontent from storage 140 into the delay filter 130 and thus creates anew composite stream 161, 162 which is delivered to all media players.The encoder control 120 may translate received metadata into commandmessages of a different type, and insert those command messages 131 intothe delay filter 130 in synchronization with the associated replacementaudio 132. Also the encoder may send a “Get Ready” command message 133to the media players 170 via the encoder 150 as soon as the metadata isreceived from the automation system. For example, when one ad isreplaced with another, the replacement ad may have an associated“companion” banner ad having a visual description of the audible ad. The“Get Ready” or pre-fetch command enables the media players to queue upthat associated content.

Using the script command process identified previously, informationabout the content to be replaced at the player is delivered from theencoder 110 through the centralized server 160 and to the client device170 by tying metadata associated with the content element to be replacedto the audio data in the delay filter, so that the metadata istransmitted to the server complex 160 and then to the client devices 170synchronously with the beginning of the associated content element.However, for a replacement video, that process would be inadequate ifthe script command were sent out at the time the replacement contentwere to appear because there might be a gap of several seconds for avideo ad to start playing while the video was retrieved from ad mediaserver 180 and queued up. To solve that problem a pre-fetch scriptcommand (a “Get” command) is used as well as the play-now script command(a “Start” command) which is inserted into the delay filter inassociation with the beginning of the replacement audio content, eachmessage command having an associated unique ID. Thus when the newcomposite stream is ready to be played out by the encoder andtransmitted to the server complex it will simultaneously transmit theplay-now script command. Once the encoder selects an ad or otheralternative content for replacement at the player it sends a pre-fetchscript command to the player. When the player receives a pre-fetchscript command, it uses the URL or other suitable designator 181, whichis also included in the ad list information and in script command, tofetch the replacement content 182 from ad media server 180 and load theactual media object into an available player object 173.

The client system 170 will receive the play-now script command at theexact moment when the replacement content (perhaps a video) is to beginplaying, and software 171 in the client system 170 receives thatplay-now script command and in turn delivers a start playing command tothe player object holding the preloaded video 173. Since the video ispreloaded it begins the play immediately, and there is no discernibleevidence to listeners or viewers that any replacement or interruptionwhatsoever has taken place. The replacement of content is perfectlyseamless.

The encoder software suite 110 has software to respond to contentreplacement triggers. In one embodiment, metadata is received from aconnected broadcast automation system 102. Software in the encoder suite110 causes the encoder control 120 to replace the associated contentwith alternative content. The encoder maintains a listing or database140 of available alternative content, which may be ads unique to thestation, or national campaign ads, and so forth. The database 140includes metadata about the ad such as the duration of the ad, format ofthe ad, the beginning and end dates of the campaign, the times of dayfor the ad to be run, and so forth. Periodically throughout the day theencoder is delivered an updated list 191 of available replacementcontent and a prioritization scheme from management server 190, alongwith replacement content media, so that the encoder suite 110 canoptimize content replacement. For example it would preferentially choosethe radio station's own ad rather than deliver a Public ServiceAnnouncement (PSA).

The ad list 191 delivered to the encoder is comprised of two basic typesof information. The first is a listing of the generic replacementcontent that is to be delivered as “background” or “cover” to all playerdevices, and the second is a listing of replacement content to bereplaced at the player device. For content to be replaced at the player,the ad list includes an identifier for the ad as well as the durationand media type information.

In playing videos as alternative replacement content there may beaudio-oriented listener devices and systems incapable of playing thatvideo content. To accommodate these devices the original contentreceived at the encoder is replaced with “cover” or “background” audiocontent. For example a local audio ad to be replaced at the player witha video ad, is also replaced at the encoder with audio content such as anational audio ad or a PSA. This replacement content is deliveredthrough the sequence of systems to the client device along with theassociated metadata identifying the beginning of the content and otherinformation associated with content, such as the duration. Those mediaplayers capable of playing the replacement video ad will do so, theothers will simply play the station's audio stream, which at that momentwill consist of the national audio ad or PSA.

Now referring to FIG. 2, for generic replacement content to take placeat the encoder, audio and metadata are received at 201 by the encodersuite. Received metadata is translated to a command message, ifpossible, at 203. If an action indicated by the metadata and/ortranslated command message is to not replace content at the encoder atstep 205, then the process stops, or, from a programming standpoint, theprocess moves to step 220 of FIG. 3. But continuing with FIG. 2, ifcontent is to be replaced at the encoder in step 205, then an ad (orother content) at step 207 is drawn from the alternate contentrepository 140, and at step 209 the audio for the replacement content isinserted into the delay filter 130 along with a Start command, if oneexists for this content replacement type. Following step 209, if thecommand or replacement type indicate to the encoder suite 110 thatpre-fetch is required at step 213, then at step 215 a pre-fetch commandfor the content replacement is inserted into encoder 150 and isimmediately transmitted to media server 160 and then to media players170. Also following step 209, at step 211 the replacement audio and anyassociated Start command exit the delay filter 130 when the delayexpires, and are inserted into encoder 150 wherein the audio isdigitized and merged with the command message into a composite stream161 that is sent to media server 160 and then to media player 170. Atthis time, at step 217, the generic replacement audio ad begins playingat the media player 170.

A similar process takes place for ad replacement at the player. Refernow to FIG. 3. Audio and metadata are received at 201 by the encodersuite. Received metadata is translated to a command message, ifpossible, at 203. If an action indicated by the metadata and/ortranslated command message is to not replace content at the player atstep 220, then the process stops, or, from a programming standpoint, theprocess moves to step 205 of FIG. 2. But continuing with FIG. 3, ifcontent is to be replaced at the player in step 220, then an ad for theplayer is selected at step 221 and an ad (or other content) at step 207is drawn from the alternate content repository 140. At step 222 theaudio for the replacement content is inserted into the delay filter 130along with a Start command for the content replacement at the player.Following step 222, then at step 215 a pre-fetch command for the contentreplacement is inserted into encoder 150 and is immediately transmittedto media server 160 and then to media players 170. Then at step 224, themedia player will pre-fetch the content indicated in the pre-fetchcommand message, and prepare the video player object 175 (assuming thereplacement content is a video) to play the video.

Also following step 222, at step 211 the replacement audio and theassociated Start command exit the delay filter 130 when the delayexpires, and are inserted into encoder 150 wherein the cover audio isdigitized and merged with the command message into a composite stream161 that is sent to media server 160 and then to media player 170. Atthis time, at step 226, the background, or cover, replacement audio adbegins playing at the media player 170 for those media players notcapable of playing the alternate video content. At step 228 contentreplacement at the player takes place such that the replacement videostarts to play through alternate player object 173, and main mediaplayer object 172 is muted.

Video replacement ads are replaced at the media players. Refer now toFIG. 4. At step 240, the media player 170 receives a command message 163from media server 160 comprising instructions to replace the main audiostream with a video stream. Media player 170 assigns an available playerobject 173 for the video at step 242. Media player 170 mutes and hidesor turns off the visual display of player object 173 at step 244, thenat step 246 delivers the alternate content URL for the video toalternate player object 173. At step 248, the media player 170 startsthe alternate player object 173, lets it run for a few seconds, and thenstops it at step 250. The alternate player object 173 will havedownloaded a significant portion of (and perhaps the entire) thereplacement media object in those few seconds in which it was in playmode, considering that media players are currently designed forinstant-on and fast start the player object 173 will attempt to downloadas much of the media as it can as fast as it can to fill its buffer.This achieves the objective of preloading the media so that it isinstantly available when the start playing command arrives. During thisprocess the player has run for nominally about 5 seconds, and as aresult, when the start command is received, the player will continue toplay from the point where it previously stopped—5 seconds into thecontent, rather than from the beginning. To solve this, a rewind commandis delivered to the player object 173 at step 252 to reset it to thebeginning of the media content. The media player 170 at step 254 thenawaits receipt of the Start command message to play the video. When theplayer is given the Start command, it will play the queued up media fromthe beginning, and it will start immediately. At the moment the mediaplayer 170 receive the Start command at step 256, it mutes the mediaplayer object 172 of the main audio stream, makes the media playerobject of the video stream 173 visible, and starts it. When the video isfinished, or at the end of the specified duration of the video, themedia player stops the video player object, hides it, and unmutes themain audio stream media player object.

As yet another embodiment, different ads can be delivered to differentlisteners by a simple modification of the process described above.Assume that there is an ad delivery vendor with a large inventory ofads, and having information associated with those ads so that they mightbe preferentially selected based on the demographics or location oflisteners or viewers. Also assume that the vendor has mechanisms usingmethods such as cookies to identify the types of sites that anindividual might have visited, and other mechanisms such as are commonlyemployed in the Internet ad delivery business to determine or estimateuser preferences and demographics. In the process described above, adatabase system selects ads for replacement at the client, and providesa list of these ads (or other content) to the encoder for delivery viathe script command mechanism. For the delivery of ads customized to eachuser, included in that list is the appropriate information for theclient system to draw an ad from the ad vendor. Essentially, instead ofdelivering a script command to each user containing the URL of the assetto be played, the script command contains instead the URL or ad taginformation of the ad vendor. The ad vendor makes the selection of thead to be delivered based on their mechanisms for assessing demographics,estimating or determining user preferences, determining the user'slocation, etc.

Alternatively, the webcasting service, utilizing the components,methods, and systems described in the various embodiments may alsoprovide the function of an ad delivery vendor.

The encoder will use its list of replacement ads and prioritizationcriteria to select the replacements. The list may include audio ads tobe delivered to all the audience, and it may include video ads which maynot be playable by the entire audience. In this circumstance the encodersuite 110 of FIG. 1 will insert a “cover” audio ad. In one embodiment,cover ads are comprised of the audio portion of the video to be played.A process (not shown) extracts a copy of the audio track from videoreplacement content. The relationship of audio-track files to videofiles is stored in a management server 190. Management server 190delivers the audio track and the relationship of audio track files tovideo files via the content and instructions connection 191 to theencoder control 120 for storage in the alternate content repository 140.When a video is selected as replacement content by the encoder control120, it obtains the audio track associated with the video fromrepository 140 and inserts the audio track into the delay filter 130along with the Start command message for the video, and inserts apre-fetch Get command message via logical path 133 into the encoder 150for immediate delivery to the media server 160 and the media player 170.Benefits of this arrangement include: one, the replacement cover contentis exactly the same duration as the replacement video; and two, deviceswhich cannot play the video will at least play the audio portion of thevideo, and thus the advertiser will benefit in that their message was atleast partially delivered to those users.

In radio broadcasting terminology, breaks for commercials are referredto as spot breaks. Typically, spot breaks are two to six minutes, andmay include a combination of ads of varying durations, from 15 secondsto 60 seconds. However, the availability and duration of replacementspots may be different. For example, the replacements may all be 60seconds. Using the rubber-banding process, the encoder will insert onead after another until the spot break is completed. If the spot breakwas 2 minutes 15 seconds, and the encoder inserted three 60 second ads,the delay in the buffer will be increased by 45 seconds. If thisincrease were to cause the delay to exceed a limit, the encoder willremove the 3^(rd) inserted ad and shrink the buffer, which will now bereduced by 60 seconds.

If the delay in the delay buffer has become too long due to insertinglengthy replacement ads in place of shorter ads, the encoder may dropone of the pre-selected ads, as described above. In this circumstance,the players have already received the “Get” command. Players would storethe list of received Get commands in a standard programming structuresuch as an array. As Start commands are received and the replacementmedia is played, the associated Get commands are removed. However, Getcommands for ads that have been dropped by the encoder will still bemaintained by the player. To solve this, the player will periodicallyexamine the list of Get commands and the time each command was received,and remove stale commands. Alternatively, the encoder will send a Cancelcommand with the ID of the Get command for the replacement ad that hasbeen dropped. The player will then remove that Get command from itslist.

The listing of replacement ads received by the encoder may also includethe IDs or URLs of companion content to display in association with thereplacement ads. These may be conventional banner advertisements. TheStart and Get commands sent by the encoder to the players include suchIDs or URLs of associated content, for retrieval and display by themedia players.

In another embodiment, when a player receives a command message to playa video, it can be programmatically arranged to reconfigure itself sothat the video is displayed in a particular region of the screen. Adisplay region (typically, an HTML “div”) may be created, sizedappropriately, positioned where desired, hidden until needed, and madevisible when the video starts. Overlays can be created to partially orfully hide other elements of the media player, and to serve as abackdrop for the video to create a more artistic presentation, and tohelp the user differentiate the video ad from other content that may bepresent on the player. As part of the ad list provided to the encoder,videos may have an associated companion content such as a banner ad, andthe URL or other descriptive data of the banner ad is delivered to theplayer at the time the similar data for the video is delivered to theplayer. Just as the player can be dynamically configured to present thevideo ad, it can also be dynamically configured to present theassociated banner ad. Thus, for a video to be presented without acompanion banner, the player can be configured one way, and with acompanion banner the player can be configured another way. At the sametime, to optimize the entire media player while a video or otherreplacement content, or additional content, is played or shown, otherdisplay elements or regions can be resized, moved, hidden, shown,dimmed, highlighted.

Referring now to FIG. 5, the top drawing A) illustrates theconfiguration of the media player 170 in its standard mode, and bottomdrawing B) illustrates the same media player 170 as it is configured toplay a video. The illustrated elements of A) are a radio station logo300; a 728×90 banner ad 302; a control bar 304 having media playercontrols such as start, stop, and mute; a region 306 for radio stationdisplay purposes including selector buttons 308, a customizable displayregion 310, and a 300×250 banner 312; and a region 314 for the displayof artist and title of the song currently playing.

When the player receives the command messages to play a video ad, theplayer morphs to configuration B), in which 728×90 banner 302 isremoved, logo 300 is removed or hidden, control bar 304 is shrunken orreplaced with a smaller version, and elements of region 306 arepartially or completely overlaid by new elements comprising atranslucent or opaque background 316 containing a video window 320 and awindow 318 to display a companion banner for the video.

Dynamic Presentation of A/V Content:

A talk show host may wish to show a video clip about a topic they arediscussing, or perhaps a financial news anchor may wish to show a stockmarket chart. A DJ may want to show photos from a local concert, thenews announcer may want to show pictures of the accident that cloggedthe highway at rush hour. All of these are enabled by the followingembodiment.

A talk show host, or DJ, announcer, or producer can preset a number ofcontent elements, including audio snips, video clips, still images, ortext via a control panel web page or desktop application (an “Action”page) or similar facility as illustrated in FIG. 6, for laterpresentation on the media players 170 of the audience. In real time, thehost clicking on any one of the preset content elements will cause thatmedia item to appear and/or play in a window on the media players, andthe appearance will be synchronized with the host's audio announcing thepresentation of that item, so that the presentation to the audience willbe transparent of buffering delays, and the audience's experience wouldappear the same as that of an observer in the studio.

Each radio station (or TV station) streaming on the Internet has aseparate, unique, streaming link on their website which listeners (orviewers) click on to connect. This link most commonly connects to adistribution media server or server farm located in a datacenter on theInternet backbone. These links directly or indirectly connect toPublishing Points, or Mount Points on the distribution media servers. Inthe standard arrangement, a radio station has an encoding computer atthe studio that encodes the station's audio and transmits it to thecentralized distribution servers. Listeners are caused to connect to thedistribution server in order to play the radio station content byclicking on the Listen link on the station's web page. The talk showhost feature enables the talk show to deliver dynamic content to radiostation listeners on the Internet in synchrony with the talk show audiofor a single radio station, or for multiple radio stations, even thoughthe streaming link is different for each station, and even though thebuffering delays may vary considerably between such stations.

The control panel Action page, item 330 in FIG. 6, can hold an arbitrarynumber of “widgets” 332, where the widgets are small boxes or sectionsof the page, and each widget holds the representation of a uniquecontent element as suggested by widget 334. Each widget can be loadedwith a static image or video file or other content to be shown to theaudience on command. Content can be selected 336 and uploaded 338, usingconventional web controls. A producer uses the Action page to upload (orrevise/delete) audio, image, or video files (content elements, or mediafiles) to a central server file storage folder. Typically the centralserver will be a web server, although video content may be uploaded to amedia server. Each box allows for the selection and upload of a specificmedia file and fields or buttons for functions such as:

a) a useful name,

b) a file name,

c) a description,

d) a date and time,

e) a browse button to locate the file,

f) a test “show it/play it” button for local display,

g) a close button for the test display,

h) an Upload button,

i) a “Show It/Play It” for the Audience button, and

j) a “Hide It/Stop It” button.

The media files are uploaded to and stored on the server in appropriatefile folders or database tables. The meta-data regarding the media files[such as items a) through d) above] are similarly stored. When theproducer opens the Action page, the boxes are populated with themeta-data from the server. The available action buttons then allow theproducer to update, delete, or create new entries, or to view/play thecontents of any widget.

When the talk show host clicks the “Play” or “Show” button 340 for anyof these, a script command is generated by the Action page that ripplesthrough the system and the delay filter in a similar fashion to the adreplacement system described herein, and is ultimately delivered to theaudience media players which will fetch the desired content and presentit in the intended viewing area. The particular path that the commandmessages will follow is dependent on the particular connectivityarrangement for that station or talk show.

In a single station arrangement as illustrated in FIG. 7, the DJ or talkshow host 400 would access the Action page 330 via a convenientcomputer, perhaps a laptop 412, and typically not the encoding computerwhich is usually located in an engineering room to be accessible to thestation's audio feed. Action page 330 would typically be hosted by DJlaptop 412, but may be separated and connected to laptop 412 via datalink 416. The Action page 330 has external network access 415 (shown asTCP connectivity to the Internet cloud 417) to the web server 446 whichstores the Action page content 448 of media files and metadatainformation. The laptop 412, and hence the Action page 330, also hasinternal network access 418 to the encoding computer 110, which hassoftware to communicate with the Action page. When a Play or Show buttonon the Action page 330 is activated, the Action page 330 and associatedlaptop 412 sends a command message 420 via TCP link 418 to the encodingcomputer 110, the command message containing the metadata of the mediafile (such as a URL) and the Action to be performed (such as Play orStop). Optionally, the encoding software sends a Get command message forthe desired action via connection 434 to the audio publishing point 435of media server 160. Media server 160 relays this Get command messagevia the audio stream on Internet link 440 to the players 170.

As described previously with respect to the replacement of an audio adwith a video ad, when the player receives a Get command it assigns aplayer object to that purpose, if so required, and provides the URL tothe media player object, and instructs the player object to pre-fetchthe designated media element.

The encoding suite 110 also inserts an associated Start command messageinto the delay buffer 130 synchronized with the station audio beingreceived at that moment. When the audio and the associated Start commandmessage exit the delay buffer 130 the station audio and the Startcommand message are delivered to the audio encoder of encoder suite 110which encodes the audio and inserts the command messages and transmitsthe composite signal via audio link 434 to audio publishing point 435 onmedia server 160. Media server, in turn, relays the command messages toany media players 170 connected to audio publishing point 435. Mediaplayer 170 receives the command message to display or present dynamiccontent, assigns a display region, and issues a Start command to theassigned media player object. Some content such as text or images do notrequire the involvement of a media player object. The media playerwrites the associated URL in an appropriate fashion, such as in an imagetag, into an HTML div, and causes the web page to fetch and display thatcontent.

The presentation of the dynamic content is similar in effect to thedisplay of video replacement ads and companion banners as illustrated inFIG. 5. Considering drawing B) Configuration for Video, the dynamiccontent may be presented in element 318, while the image from a DJ webcam may be presented in element 320. This combination allows a DJ ortalk show host or announcer to turn on a camera so they can be seen, andshow topical material as they discuss those items. These configurationchanges and the appearance and removal of dynamic content take placeentirely without action on the part of the audience. They just watch.

Multiple stations at the same physical location are treated similarly.The Action page 330 has TCP network access to the encoding computers 110of the desired stations, and the command messages are delivered to eachof those encoding computers simultaneously. The process for eachstation, having received a command message, is as described.

As stated previously, command messages can cause the media players todynamically configure themselves for the proper presentation of themedia element to be displayed. For example, display regions can beexpanded or contracted, exposed or hidden, highlighted or dimmed oroverlaid with translucent screening. New text and messages can bepresented, and others removed. In fact, every display element on themedia player can be dynamically changed upon the receipt of a commandmessage. Referring again to FIG. 5, this illustration can be interpretedas previously described, except that drawing B) Configuration for Videonow applies to the video from the DJ camera wherein the camera image isdisplayed in video window 320. In this embodiment, the companion bannerwindow 318 may not be displayed, or may be used to display other dynamiccontent under command of the DJ using widgets 332 on the Action page330, as will be described more fully in the context of anotherembodiment.

In another embodiment, media players can be substantially changeddynamically and in real-time, or according to a schedule. For example,if a radio station switches during the day from a music format toanother format such as news, talk, sports, or gospel, or to a particulartalk show program, or from one talk show program to another, the mediaplayers can be reformatted to reflect the character of the new program,without the users performing any actions. A schedule can be maintainedby the streaming service provider that permits radio stations or talkshow hosts to set dates and times, as well as formatting parameters tobe used for each show. Formatting parameters might be templates. Eachradio station encoding suite will obtain the schedule and associatedformatting or configuration data. At the appropriate times, the encodingsuite will send command messages to the media players, causing them tobe reconfigured for the new show. For convenience, there are pre-writtenscripts in the player that respond to specific command messages inprescribed ways. But also, command messages may contain specificJavaScript, HTML, and CSS instructions to reconfigure the media playerdynamically and in any arbitrary fashion. For example, any or all HTMLdivs could be deleted or emptied, and the body tag itself could beemptied and rebuilt via JavaScript instructions.

Multiple Stations

For arrangements of multiple stations, whether the stations are ofcommon ownership, or a program such as a talk show is syndicated acrossstations of separate ownership, each station will have its ownlisteners, and the delay in its delay filter will be of an arbitraryvalue. Therefore, the command messages are delivered to each station'sencoder software, to be inserted into the delay filter and sent thelisteners of each station in the fashion previously described.

In order to simultaneously deliver the command messages to multiplestations there must be common TCP networking connectivity, which wouldnot normally exist. This is achieved by a TCP Service which unites allthe encoding computers together, which may be operated by the streamingmedia service provider, Internet hosting service, or similar serviceprovider, although it could be operated by a syndication service.

Referring to FIG. 8, in this embodiment there is a TCP Server 500 thatoperates a TCP Service 504. Each encoding computer 110 has correspondingTCP software that logs into the TCP Service via TCP Message Channel 508,and maintains an open TCP connection as long as desired. That connectionmay stay open permanently, and the encoding computer's TCP software maybe configured to continuously re-establish the connection if theconnection were broken. It is preferred that the TCP communications beoriginated by the encoding computers due to firewall issues, but itcould be done in the reverse, wherein the TCP Service would initiate andmaintain the connections.

In an alternative embodiment, each encoding computer 110 maintains aschedule of talk show and similar programs carried by the station. Atthe appropriate times the encoding computer initiates a connection tothe TCP Service. That schedule could be maintained centrally as anadministrative function, and the schedule pertinent to each stationcould be periodically delivered to the encoding suite, such as byManagement Server 190 on FIG. 1.

Via the login process, the TCP Service has the identity of the TCPchannel or socket associated with each encoding computer.

An Action service page 502 (a program, such as asp, aspx, or PHP) runson the TCP Service server 500 or an associated server, and may be thesame program that launches the talk show host Action page 330. The TCPService 504 has an administrative module 506 that maintains loginpermissions, and has a listing of radio stations associated with eachtalk show program. When a talk show host clicks an Action button on awidget, the Action page 330 submits a request to the Action service page502 which submits a set of parameters to the TCP Service 504, includingthe name of the talk show or radio station, the name of the file to beshown on the audience media players, etc., as well as the commandmessage to be sent to the media players.

By referencing the list of talk shows and radio stations, the TCPService determines which radio stations to deliver the command messageto. It has the TCP channel (socket) 508 open for each of those radiostations, and forwards the command message to all of them at the sametime.

Each station encoder 110 is unaware of other stations on this network,and acts independently, just as before. The encoding system 110 receivesthe command message, and A) sends out a Get script command that isdelivered immediately to the audience media players by inserting thecommand message into the audio encoder, using the arrangements describedherein, so the media players 170 can pre-fetch the content, and B)inserts the companion Start script command into the delay buffer 130.When the delay buffer timer counts down to zero, the encoding system 110sends the Start command out to the media players 170 by inserting theStart command message into the audio encoder. The Get and Start commandmessages are sent from the audio encoder element of the encoder suite110 to the media server 160 and audio publishing point 435 which isassociated with the encoder suite 110 (recognizing that radio stationsmay utilize different streaming service providers and media servers, andwill have their own publishing point even if they use the same serviceprovider).

When media players 170 receive the Get and Start command messages theywill, as described herein, assign a display region, assign a mediaplayer object if the content to be displayed so requires, configure themedia player display elements for the desired presentation format,deliver the URL for the content to the assigned media player object, orotherwise cause the content to be obtained from web server 446 andAction page content repository 448, and displayed.

In this embodiment, Action messages initiated by a talk show host willcause the display of the media element associated with the Actioncontrol panel widget on the media player of every audience member ofevery participating radio station. The media elements will be displayedsynchronously with the corresponding talk show audio, since that audioalso runs through the delay filter 130 of each encoder computer 110

As a side explanation, it should be realized that syndicated programssuch as talk shows have well established arrangements to deliver thehost's audio to each station in the syndication network. Typically thisis done through satellite connections as shown with microphone 514 andtransmitter 510 at the laptop 412, and receiver 512 at the stationencoder 110. But however the audio feed arrives at each station isirrelevant. For satellite distribution, the audio arrives through thesatellite link, to the broadcast automation system, through thestation's audio chain and out to the transmitter, all with essentiallyno delay. Thus, from a practical perspective, there is no differencebetween audio arriving from a microphone in the studio and audioarriving from outer space. The only delay that matters, for ourpurposes, is the delay introduced in the delay filter for purposes of adreplacement and other requirements. And thus, the arrangement justdescribed operates as well regardless of the origin of the audio.

Further, even though a DJ or talk show host or announcer may beassociated with only one station, they may be remote from the station.For these remote broadcasts, the laptop and associated Action page andweb cam requires TCP network access to the encoding computer of thestation, which can be achieved with conventional networking technology.However, in another embodiment, the multi-station arrangement justdescribed applies equally well to service this arrangement of one ormore presenters having remote broadcasts for a single station.

Generally, the new content is to be presented concurrently with the talkshow audio, not replace it. The content, for example, might be a videoclip about a news article, and the talk show host might want to talkover the audio of the video clip in order to comment on it. In thiscase, dependent upon the script command received by the audience mediaplayers, those players may be instructed to simultaneously render theaudio from both the talk show host and the dynamic media content. Asanother embodiment in these circumstances, software at the encodingcomputer can download the dynamic content and insert it into the delaybuffer, and then merge the two streams in the delay buffer into a singleoutput stream that gets delivered to the encoder. However, there may becircumstances where the talk show host would want the audio of eitherthe dynamic media content or the talk show host studio audio suppressed,and that capability can be provided with selector buttons on the Actionpage widget that cause the construction of appropriate script commandsto provide the necessary instructions to the users' media players.

In still another embodiment, whereas in some embodiments dynamic mediacontent is accessed by a media player object in the user's media player,in an alternative embodiment, media content actuated by the Action pagemay be accessed by a media player object incorporated into the encodersuite. Audio and video from that player object can then be inserted intothe delay filter and merged with the station's audio, and the combinedaudio and video delivered as output to the encoder and then to theusers.

Whereas much of the previous descriptions referred to dynamic mediacontent, perhaps implying streamed audio or video, other dynamicallyaccessed content may be static in nature, such as a photo or text file.Static content is best accessed via a web server in the conventionalfashion, and the URLs or links provided to the media players to accessthese items would have appropriate targets to access these itemscorrectly.

Pop-Up Web Cam for DJ or Talk Show Hosts

There are numerous contemporary examples of radio stations that put acamera in the studio in front of the DJ, and leave it on continuously.But most of the time, the DJ isn't there (they might be out sellingads), or the DJ is looking down and so the camera shows the top of hisor her head. DJs don't talk much, so most of the time when the DJ isthere, it's like a silent movie. Turns out to just be a bad idea.

But what would make sense is to give the DJ the ability to dynamicallyturn the camera on or off when the DJ has something to say. Perhaps a DJwants to give an intro to a song, or talk about a recent local concert,or insert some personality into the show in some other ways. In asimilar fashion, an announcer might like to have a camera on when he orshe is giving a news, sports, weather, or traffic report.

A talk show host, however, might like to have a camera on for theduration of his show, except perhaps during the spot breaks when he maywish to walk away from the studio. If the talk show host would like acamera on full time, and all talk shows originate from the same studioat that station, and there are no interruptions from syndicatedprograms, then a fixed, full time studio cam might work acceptably well.The station would simply use a video publishing point instead of anaudio publishing point, and the link on the station's web page woulddirect the audience to the video publishing point.

But this is seldom the case. In the real world, many talk show hostsbroadcast from various locations rather than the station's studio,station's do carry syndicated content, and so they definitely would needto turn the camera off during those broadcasts, and even during a singlethree hour show, the host may need to take a break.

In an embodiment addressing this need, a radio station personality suchas a DJ, an announcer, or a talk show host can click a Start button onan Action control panel web page to turn on their web cam and cause thevideo to open and appear in a designated window on the audience mediaplayer, and to turn off the video and close the video window when theStop button is clicked.

The appearance of the video window will be synchronized with thestation's audio so that any announcements preceding the start of the webcam will be presented to the audience immediately before the videoappears, so that the presentation to the audience will be transparent ofbuffering delays, and the audience's experience would appear the same asthat of an observer in the studio. The feature works seamlessly whetherthe video content is streamed to only one radio station or to many.Except where noted, this web cam embodiment uses essentially the sametechnology as described above.

In a single station embodiment, the arrangement is similar to that ofthe previously described arrangement for a DJ or talk show host topresent dynamic content to the Internet audience. In this embodiment,there is an Action page which includes buttons to turn the audiencedisplay of a web cam on or off. The Action page runs on a localcomputer, perhaps a laptop, which has a web cam attached or whichcontrols a web cam or video camera of some type. The Action page mayinclude widgets, as before, for the display of dynamic content to theInternet audience. If the Action page is also to display dynamiccontent, it has external network access to the web server which storesthe media files and metadata information.

The laptop, and hence the Action page and web cam, also has internalnetwork access to the encoding computer, which has software tocommunicate with the Action page. When a Show Web Cam button on theAction page is activated, the Action page sends a Show Web Cam commandmessage to the encoding computer and begins streaming the camera feed tothe encoding computer via TCP. The encoding suite has softwarearrangements to receive the command messages from the Action page, andto receive and process the audio/video stream from the camera.

The camera A/V stream may be encoded by the camera, or by encodingsoftware in the laptop, into a conventional compressed format such asMPEG4, or the stream may be delivered in uncompressed format inside asuitable packaging container such as AVI. The encoding suite softwaremay decompress the web cam video stream, or transcode it to an alternateformat, as might be necessary for compatibility with other aspects ofthe overall system.

The encoding suite software inserts the received web cam stream into adelay filter, which operates parallel to the delay filter used for thestation's audio. Thus, the station's audio, and the web cam video are insync. The associated command messages are inserted into the delay filterin association with the station's audio so it is available for deliveryto the audience media players.

The output of the delay filter for the station's audio is directed toone encoder which sends the encoded audio stream to the main publishingpoint on the media distribution server—the “Listen” link on thestation's web site connects to this publishing point.

The output of the web cam delay filter is directed to another encoderwhich sends the encoded a/v stream to another publishing point. When theStart Web Cam command message is first received by the encoder suite, itcan start the video encoder and have it connect to the video publishingpoint, and just send a black signal (the actual video must run throughthe delay filter, or it will be out of sync).

When the web cam Action command messages are first received by theencoding suite, the equivalent “Get Web Cam” message is sent to themedia players through the audio encoder via the mechanisms previouslydescribed. The Get Web Cam command message will include the videopublishing point name or appropriate reference such as a URL or a code.And, also as described before, when the video delay filter reaches timezero for the start of the video media, the encoder suite sends theequivalent “Start Web Cam” command message to the media players. Whenthe DJ stops the camera, a “Stop Web Cam” message is delivered to theencoding suite, and to the audio delay filter, and is sent to the mediaplayers when the delay reaches zero and the video delay filter is empty.

As previously described, when the media players receive a Get Web Camcommand message they can prepare for the presentation of video byconnecting to the video publishing point identified in the commandmessage and pre-configuring the media player display presentation. Uponreceipt of the Start Web Cam command message, the media players willcomplete any configuration changes and begin the display of the video inthe desired display region. On receipt of the companion Stop Web Cammessage, the media players will disconnect from the video publishingpoint and reset the media player configuration to a desired mode.

The particulars of this embodiment are described in reference to FIG. 7.DJ 400 has headphones 402 and microphone 404 connected to a mixer 406which carries audio between the DJ and an automation system 422 orcomponents of the station's audio chain. The station's audio is inputinto the encoder computer 110 via connection 424, and metadata from thebroadcast automation system is input via connection 426. Mixer 406 mayalso provide a feed of either the DJ's microphone output, or of themixed studio audio via connection 408 to the DJ laptop 412. Camera 410also connects to laptop 412. Thus the camera may provide its own audio,and there may also be an audio feed from the studio. In either case,laptop 412 may incorporate an encoder, and that encoder may be commandedto mute or encode the audio from the camera, and to encode or not encodethe station's audio. The selection of these audio feeds may be variableand may be provided to the DJ via buttons or check boxes on the Actionpage 330.

Using the above described connectivity, when the DJ clicks a Show Camerabutton on Action page 330, associated laptop 412 starts the video feedfrom camera 410 across TCP link 418 to the encoding computer 110 andsimultaneously sends an equivalent Show Camera command message 420 viaTCP link 418 to encoding computer 110. The encoding suite on encodingcomputer 110 inserts the video feed into the delay filter 130, andinserts a Start Camera command message into the delay filter 130 at thestart of the video media data, and sends a Get Camera command message tothe audio encoder for immediate delivery to media players 170 via theaudio publishing point 435. When the beginning of the video exits thedelay filter 130 it is input into a second encoder which outputs viaconnection 432 to video publishing point 433 on media server 160.Station audio and command messages are output by an audio encoder of theencoding suite via link 434 to an audio publishing point 435 on mediaserver 160. At the same time as the beginning of the video feed isoutput to video publishing point 433, the Start Camera command messageexits the delay filter 130 and is input into the audio encoder whereuponit is inserted into the audio feed 434 for delivery to the audiopublishing point 435 of media server 160.

When a media player 170 receives a Get Camera command message via link440 from publishing point 435 it assigns an available media playerobject to play the video, mutes that player, hides the player if notalready hidden, delivers the URL of the video feed at publishing point433 to the player object, and optionally starts the video playing. Thevideo encoder may transmit a blank signal to the video publishing pointuntil the video transits the delay filter, and if so the player objectwill be able to connect in advance of the time when the DJ imageappears.

When a media player 170 receives a Start Camera command message viaaudio publishing point 435 of media server 160, the media player 170starts the media player object that has been assigned to play the videoand the video begins to play. Concurrently, the window assigned todisplay the video is revealed if not already visible. Simultaneously,the media player 170 may optionally mute the audio player object or thevideo player object, dependent upon the detailed nature of the commandmessages that have been received, which may be reflective of thephysical arrangement of mixer 406 and audio feed 408.

Even though a DJ or talk show host or announcer may be associated withonly one station, they may be remote from the station. For these remotebroadcasts, the Action page 330 requires TCP network access to theencoding computer of the station, which can be achieved withconventional networking technology.

Optionally, the system described may utilize only one encoder and onepublishing point, wherein the video feed from camera 410 is insertedinto the single encoder component of encoder suite 110, and is output toa single publishing point such as video publishing point 433 on mediaserver 160, to which the media players 170 are connected.

In another embodiment, the dynamic web cam embodiment can be operated inconjunction with the dynamic presentation of content embodiment, in asynergistic fashion. For example, a DJ might turn on his camera and thentalk about a radio station contest, and by clicking a button on anAction page widget, cause a window to open on the media players showinginformation about the contest or photos of contest winners. The twodisplay windows (divs) can be arranged so that the relationship betweenthe announcer and the topic and material he is presenting is intuitivelyobvious.

Media players that have connected after command messages have been sentwill be unaware of either the availability of web cam video, or ofdynamic content. To accommodate these users, the encoders responsiblefor sending the command messages will periodically send repeat messages,perhaps once a second. The messages will be designated as “Repeat” sothat media players which have already received them will not duplicatetheir responses.

Web Cam for Multiple Stations

In a multi-station embodiment, audio (or video) for syndicated contentcarried by affiliate radio stations is delivered to each radio stationvia arrangements outside the interest of this patent application. Thataudio feed might be delivered by satellite, dedicated phone lines, orother arrangements. In whatever fashion the syndicated audio isdelivered to the station, the important fact of consideration here isthat multiple stations might be carrying a talk show host's program, andwhen the talk show host turns on his web cam, the associated videocontent stream needs to be delivered to the audience listening to eachof the affiliated stations.

The embodiment to accomplish this uses the TCP Service described above.In a typical talk show host scenario, the host will be based in a studioin one radio station, and will have a laptop with an Action page, and aconnected camera and will also have its own encoder software. The laptopand therefore the Action page will have a connection to the TCP Service.Radio stations carrying the talk show host's syndicated content willalso have connectivity to the TCP Service.

When the talk show host turns on his web cam via clicking on a button onthe Action page, the camera feed is connected to the local encoder whichencodes the video in a suitable format and transmits the video stream toa publishing point on a media distribution server. Simultaneously, acommand message is sent to the TCP Service, which relays that commandmessage to all participating radio station encoding computers. Thatmessage includes the name, URL, or other ID of the media distributionserver and video publishing point.

The command messages are delivered to each radio station's encodingsoftware suite, which inserts them into the delay buffer for thestation's audio. When the buffer time for the messages drops to zero,the command messages are forwarded to the media server that providesdistribution services for that radio station, and then from the mediaserver to the media players of users connected to the publishing pointon the media server that is associated with the individual radiostation. Thus, users listening to the streaming media from a particularstation will receive script commands from that station. Those mediaplayers are thus instructed to connect to the supplied video publishingpoint, as described previously, and thus the video from a syndicatedtalk show will be shown on the media players of every listener of everyparticipating station.

In an embodiment for syndicated programs to a small number of stations,the laptop of the talk show host may connect directly via TCP to theencoding computers of each station, and deliver the command messages tothem directly. The video feed, as described above, will connect directlyto a video publishing point on a media distribution server.

Recording the Web Cam Video

In another embodiment, the web cam video can be automatically recordedand be available for immediate playback. When the talk show host turnson his web cam, the A/V content from that web cam is directed to anencoder on a computer local to the talk show host. That encodertransmits the encoded video to a video publishing point on a mediaserver. That publishing point is dynamically configured by a softwareapplication to create an archive file of the video stream; the archivefile name may be either static or may also be dynamically configured. Inthe case of Microsoft's Windows Media Server, there is a feature knownas the Archive Data Writer which performs these functions. Also, mediaplayers can connect to the archive file while it is being written.Management software running on a server in communication with the videostreaming media server, or running in association with the encodingsoftware at the talk show host's location, performs the dynamicconfiguration and assigns or creates the command messages to be sent touser media players via procedures already presented.

The command messages contain the Internet address of the video mediaserver and the name of the archive file being written. Software in themedia players then causes the presentation of a link for users to accessthe recorded video, even as it is being recorded.

Having thus described the invention in detail, it should be understoodthat various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be readilyascertainable by those skilled in the art, and may be made hereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as definedby the claims.

I claim:
 1. A method to dynamically change the presentation of a clientweb page having at least one client media player, the combination ofsoftware in the client web page and software in the client media playercollectively comprising client software, a client media player receivinga media stream from an encoder system having a delay filter, networkconnectivity, and an encoder, the media stream being transmitted fromthe encoder system to a media distribution server to which the clientmedia player connects, the media stream further incorporating commandmessages impressed onto the media stream by the encoder system andreceived and acted upon by the client software, comprising the steps of:a. receiving a media stream and associated metadata by an encodingsystem, and inserting the received media stream by the encoding systeminto a delay filter; b. directing the output of the delay filter by theencoder system into an encoder when the delay has expired for eachquantum of media in the media stream; c. encoding the media streamoutput from the delay filter by the encoder, and outputting the encodedmedia stream by the encoder to a distribution media server to which aclient media player connects; d. receiving a trigger, wherein a triggermay include a received metadata element, the trigger causing the encodersystem to create a command message which will cause the client mediaplayer to execute code that will reconfigure the presentation of theclient web page; and e. impressing said command message into the encodedmedia stream by the encoder, said command message being received by thedistribution media server and the connected client media players andcausing the client software to reconfigure the presentation of theclient web page.
 2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein immediatelyprior to the step of impressing said command message into the encodedmedia stream, the following steps are inserted: a. inserting saidcommand message into the delay filter; b. receiving said command messageby the encoder system in the output of the delay filter when the delayhas expired for said command message.
 3. A method as recited in claim 1,wherein the client software response to said command message ispredetermined by coded instructions in the client software.
 4. A methodas recited in claim 1, wherein said command message incorporates codedinstructions, and the client software response to said command messageis determined at least in part by said coded instructions.
 5. A methodas recited in claim 1, wherein said changed presentation of a client webpage is to reveal a window for the presentation of a video.
 6. A methodas recited in claim 5, wherein said video is from a live camera feed. 7.A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said changed presentation of aclient web page is to display an image.
 8. A method as recited in claim1, wherein said trigger is a message originated by an action controlpanel, said action control panel being a software aspect of a computersystem having the ability to send trigger messages across a network inresponse to User Interface actions to activate desired responses on theclient web page, said trigger messages giving the ability to cause thechange of display elements on the client web pages associated with saidencoder system.
 9. A non-transitory machine-readable medium containingprocessor readable code for programming a processor-to dynamicallychange the presentation of a client web page having at least one clientmedia player, the combination of software in the client web page andsoftware in the client media player collectively comprising clientsoftware, a client media player receiving a media stream from an encodersystem having a delay filter, network connectivity, and an encoder, themedia stream being transmitted from the encoder system to a mediadistribution server to which the client media player connects, the mediastream further incorporating command messages impressed onto the mediastream by the encoder system and received and acted upon by the clientsoftware, comprising: a. a routine to receive a media stream andassociated metadata by an encoding system, and inserting the receivedmedia stream by the encoding system into a delay filter; b. a routine todirect the output of the delay filter by the encoder system into anencoder when the delay has expired for each quantum of media in themedia stream; c. a routine to encode the media stream output from thedelay filter by the encoder, and outputting the encoded media stream bythe encoder to a distribution media server to which a client mediaplayer connects; d. a routine to receive a trigger, wherein a triggermay include a received metadata element, the trigger causing the encodersystem to create a command message which will cause the client mediaplayer to execute code that will reconfigure the presentation of theclient web page; and e. a routine to impress said command message intothe encoded media stream by the encoder, said command message beingreceived by the distribution media server and the connected client mediaplayers and causing the client software to reconfigure the presentationof the client web page.
 10. The non-transitory machine-readable mediumof claim 9 also comprising: a. a routine to insert said command messageinto the delay filter; b. a routine to receive said command message bythe encoder system in the output of the delay filter when the delay hasexpired for said command message.
 11. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the client software responseto said command message is predetermined by coded instructions in theclient software.
 12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim9, wherein said command message incorporates coded instructions, and theclient software response to said command message is determined at leastin part by said coded instructions.
 13. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein said changed presentation ofa client web page is to reveal a window for the presentation of a video.14. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 13, wherein saidvideo is from a live camera feed.
 15. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein said changed presentation ofa client web page is to display an image.
 16. The non-transitorymachine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein said trigger is a messageoriginated by an action control panel, said action control panel being asoftware aspect of a computer system having the ability to send triggermessages across a network in response to User Interface actions toactivate desired responses on the client web page, said trigger messagesgiving the ability to cause the change of display elements on the clientweb pages associated with said encoder system.